ConfidSPEC-V2X: A Quantum-Blockchain Intelligence for Mitigating Confidentiality Threats in Vehicle-to-Everything Networks

초록

Vehicular-to-everything (V2X) communications promise unprecedented safety and efficiency gains but remain vulnerable to confidentiality breaches such as eavesdropping, traffic analysis, and man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks. We propose ConfidSPEC-V2X, a focused hybrid framework that integrates continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD), a multiagent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL), and an Ethereum-based permissioned blockchain PureChain public-key infrastructure (PKI) to deliver information-theoretic secrecy, dynamic traffic obfuscation, and tamper-proof key management. In the quantum module, CV-QKD transceivers embedded in on-board units (OBUs) and roadside units (RSUs) establish symmetric keys resilient to passive interception and capable of immediate eavesdropping detection. The artificial intelligence (AI) module employs multiagent DRL agents at RSUs to learn optimal dummy-traffic injection policies that obfuscate real V2X message patterns against statistical inference. The blockchain module leverages PureChain smart contracts to register, rotate, and timestamp vehicle public keys, ensuring that any MITM attempt to forge or replay keys is invalidated. We implement and evaluate ConfidSPEC-V2X within an OMNeT++/Veins simulation under realistic urban mobility scenarios, measuring the quantum bit error rate (QBER), key generation throughput, obfuscation entropy, and key management latency. Results demonstrate that our framework achieves robust confidentiality protection with minimal performance overhead.

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